内容提要
序 言 山西历史悠久、物产丰富、名胜荟萃、人才辈出。 山西位于黄河中游地带，是中华古代文明的发祥地之一。早在一百万年前，中华民族的祖先就在这里生息、繁衍。相传，华夏民族的始祖黄帝、炎帝曾经在山西活动。史前的三位名帝尧、舜、禹都曾在山西南部建都。春秋时期，文公重耳，曾为春秋五霸之一。北魏时，平城（今大同）曾为北魏的首都名重一时。到隋朝末，李渊父子起兵太原，夺取长安。李世民以“太原公子”之名登上帝位，创造了繁荣昌盛的“开元盛世”。元末明初，中原战乱连年，人口锐减，而填补中原人口的七次大移民，皆从洪洞大槐树下走出，所以民言云：“问我故乡在何处？山西洪洞大槐树。”这一篇篇雄辩的史诗谱写了中华文明史。 悠久的历史给山西留下了丰富的文化遗产，繁荣昌盛造就了山西的富庶、稳定，加之地势险要，使这些遗产得以完好地保存下来，形成了一个被外界誉为“古代东方艺术博物馆”的巨大宝藏。据统计，山西现存文物古格3.5万处，国家重点文物保护单位119处，居全国第一。山西金代以前的木构建筑占全国同类建筑的72.6%，仅存的四座唐代木构建筑，全部都在山西。另外还有“中国古代县城活标本”的平遥古城和极具特色的民居建筑以及无数精美绝伦的石雕、彩塑、壁画等艺术珍品……品质超群的建筑艺术与经典高雅的雕塑、壁画艺术相结合，独具特色，灿烂辉煌。 五千年的文明史为山西积淀了丰厚的文化底蕴，秀美的山川令人流连忘返：滔滔黄河、莽莽黄土高原与中华文明有着不解之缘；有“华北屋脊”之称的五台山是世界五大佛教圣地之一，居中国四大佛教名山之首；中国五之一的北恒山是闻名全国的道教胜地；巍巍太行不仅雄险奇峻，更为近代抗日战争史谱写出壮丽的篇章……如此得天独厚的旅游资源，使山西这块沃土充满了神奇的色彩和诱人的魅力。 纵观中国历史，山西英杰辈出，与山河同在，与日月同辉： “武圣”关公横刀立马，世人敬颂；武则天女皇上承 “贞观之治”，下启“开元盛世”；白居易、柳宗元、王之焕、罗贯中、关汉卿、元好问、傅山……文坛英杰，博大精深；商票号，遍布华夏……这些在中华民族的发展史上矗立起座座不朽丰碑，产生了深远的影响。 为了更好地展示山西丰厚的历史文化底蕴，让海内外了解山西、认识山西、热爱山西。我们编辑这部画册，旨在用中国画这一精湛的民族艺术语言来讴歌山西、宣传山西，使山西的历史文化、山西的旅游名胜、山西的美术事业和山西的艺术家走向全国、走向世界。 Preface Shanxi Province is a land of long history and abundant resources. It is home to a large number of places of historical interest and a galaxy of talents. Located in middle reaches of the Yellow River, Shanxi is one of the birthplace of China's ancient civilization. Dating back to one million years ago, Chinese ancestors settled down here and lived ever after. As the legend goes, the Chinese people's earliest ancestors, Emperor Huang and Yan would like to confine their activities to area around Shanxi. The successive emperor Yao, Shun and Yu, who enjoyed high reputation, would choose southern parts of Shanxi as their capital. During the Spring and Autumn period, Shanxi's Jinwen prince named Chong'er, rose as one of the five kings. During the Northern Wei Period, the city of Pingcheng (now called Datong) acted as the capital of Northern Wei State. Towards the end of Sui Dynasty, a man named Li Yuan and his sons launched a rebellion from Shanxi and ended with victory over the capital of Chang'an. There the family founded the prosperous Tang Dynasty (618-907). His third son Li Shimin, nicknamed Taiyuan Prince (Taiyuan is the capital of Shanxi Province), ascended the throne. His reign was known as "Kaiyuan Shengshi", prosperous society. By the end of Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368), central China had been war-stricken, leading to a sharp decrease in population. Residents in Shanxi were ordered to immigrate to central China for seven times, all departing from an old Chinese scholar tree in Hongdong County. The epic journeys were important parts of Chinese civilization. Long history left Shanxi with rich cultural heritage, and prosperity had laid a good foundation for its richness and stability. Its geological location made Shanxi difficult to access for outsiders. All this resulted in a good preservation of Shanxi's cultural legacy and Shanxi was praised as an "ancient Oriental artistic museum". Statistics show that extant historical relics in Shanxi are located in 35,000 sites. There are 119 historical sites under protection on national level, the number ranking first in China. The extant wooden-structured buildings prior to Jin Dynasty (265-420) account for 72.6 percent of its kind in China. The only four wooden buildings of Tang Dynasty are all in Shanxi. Pingyao, the living example of ancient town, is also in Shanxi. Here you will find wonderful integration of unparalled architectural art with classic, elegant sculpture and fresco art. Five thousand years' of civilization has laid a good foundation for Shanxi's splendid culture. Tourists enjoy the beautiful landscapes as well as the Yellow River and Loess Plateau, which are the manifestation of an indissoluble bond with China's civilization. The Mount of Wutai, the roof of Northern China, is one of the five sacred places of Buddhism in the world. Hengshan Mountain, is one of the five sacred places of Taoism. Taihang Mountain, grand and precipitous, was one of the battlefield during the Anti-Japanese War (1937-1945). A lot of people of talent were born in Shanxi, such as Guan Gong, saint of martial arts and Wu Zetian, the only female ruler of a country in Chinese history. Shanxi is also home to a number of leading literary figures such as Wang Zhihuan, Luo Guanzhong, Guan Hanqing, Yuan Haowen and Fu Shan. To fully display Shanxi's rich historical and cultural heritage, we compiled this picture album. We hope people at home and abroad can know more about Shanxi and come to visit this beautiful place. Through our efforts, we wish to bring Shanxi's history and culture, its scenic spots, its fine arts and artists to be better-known in the world.
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