内容提要
大理、丽江、香格里拉三个地区地处中国云南省西北部，横断山脉纵谷地带。三地山水相依，民族共融，互为毗邻。这里的横断山脉南端的高黎贡山、怒山（碧罗雪山）、云岭三山之间，由北向南奔腾着怒江、澜沧江、金沙江三大河流。一山一川、相互峡峙，平行并列，形成独特的三江并流地形，同向奔腾170千米，三江之间最短直线距离仅66千米，最低海拔760米，最高海拔6740米，高差近6千米是世界上罕见的高山河谷地理奇观。
三江并流地区山川湖泊十分壮丽，草原森林原始、雪山花卉奇异、民族众多、民俗风情浓烈独特，旅游资源极其丰富，有11个国家级的自然保护区和12个风景名胜区；有118座海拔在5000米以上、造型迥异的雪山；有与雪山相伴的原始森林和星罗棋布的冰蚀湖泊；有中国面积最大、发育最完整的丹霞地貌奇观；有欧亚大陆生物群落最富足的“世界生物基因库”；有金丝猴等77种国家级保护动物和秃杉等34种国家级保护植物；有上百个著名的名胜古迹和世界文化遗产。总之，这里在诸方面都体现了显著的特殊的地理研究价值和自然人文美学价值。据此，2003年7月2日，联合国教科文组织在反复考察论证的基础上，批准三江并流地区大理、丽江、香格里拉、怒江四个地州市为世界自然遗产。其中，大理、丽江、香格里拉三个地区是中国云南相依相连的一条黄金旅游热线，大理是唐宋以来就蜚声中外的旅游胜地，丽江是世界文化遗产，香格里拉是中外游客神往探秘的胜境。
World Natural Heritage—Dali, Lijiang and Shangrila The three districts Dali, Lijiang and Shangrila are located in Northwest Yunnan,China and in the vertical valley of Hengduan Mountain Range. The three districted boast rivers and mountains and harmoniously coexisting nationalities. Three rivers run from north to south—they are Nujiang River, Lancang River and Jinsha River amid the three mountains Gaoligong, Nushan (Biluo Jokul) and Yunling at the southern end of Hengduan Mountain Range. Both mountains and rivers are interlaced and parallel, creating the unique landform of three rivers running in
parallel. The three rivers run 170km forward together and the minimum straight distance is at 66km only, with the minimum altitude at 760m and the maximum altitude at 6,740m. With the drop in level of approximately 6km, such landform means the rare geographic wonder of alpine valley in the world.
The area of Three Parallel Rivers boasts wonderful mountains, valleys, rivers and lakes, where there are the virgin grassland, forest, jokul with unique flowers and plants, multiple nationalities and attractive local customs and folklore.
This area enjoys the rich tourism resources, having 11 national natural reserves and 12 scenic spots, as well as 118 strange-shaped jokuls with the altitude at above 5,000m. In addition, there are many primitive forests and iceworn lakes, the most completely developed Danxia Landform with the largest area in China,“the world’ s biological gene bank” rich in biotic community in Eurasia,golden monkey and other 76 national protected animals, and Taiwania flousiana
and other 33 national protected plants, as well as more than hundred famousscenic spots and world’s cultural heritages. To sum up, all aspects are reflectedin significant and special value of geographical research and natural and humanistic aesthetics. The UNESCO approved Dali, Lijiang, Shangrila and Nujiang districts in the area of Three Parallel Rivers as the world’s natural heritages on July 2,2003 on the basis of repeated inspections and argumentations. Out of these fourdistricts, Dali, Lijiang and Shangrila are on the hot route for tourism in Yunnan—
Dali has been a famous resort since Tang and Song dynasties; Lijiang is listed as the world’s cultural heritage and Shangrila is an site attracting both foreign and domestic tourists.
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