内容提要
序言
2005年，北京故宫博物院东部皇极殿室内改陈，欲恢复乾隆时期原状陈列，然而由于历史的原因，殿内地台及宝座等设施已不存在了，经院研究决定要重新复制一套地台和宝座，这一特大工程虽有丰富资料和实物参照，但能否将它复制得形神兼备，富丽华贵、庄重威严、充满皇家气派，体现中国宫廷木雕的高水准呢？
是年5月，东阳木雕工艺美术大师黄小明经国务院招标办核准中标，承接了乾隆宝座这一复制重任。于是，在考察和调研中我有幸与东阳木雕有了零距离接触，对黄小明先生技术造诣有了更深层次的了解。
复制乾隆宝座，绝非简单的仿制。要做到形、艺、材、韵与原件保持一致，谈何容易，作为故宫博物院文保技术人员我亲眼目睹了黄小明先生从设计画图、下料、雕刻、髹饰贴金等工序复制乾隆宝座的全过程，感触颇多……
其一，精心领悟。黄小明深知，要完成这一重任，务必真正读懂“原作”，全身心投入，特别是宫廷的文化内涵，悟透精华。他多次到沈阳和北京故宫对其造型材质、结构、雕饰、油漆等潜心刻苦研究。经过反复“研读”后，他终于领悟了它的精髓，对其先人的聪颖与睿智钦佩至极，连连惊叹其天衣无缝，尽量去把握其巧妙工艺与细致严谨。正因对乾隆宝座每一个细节都烂熟于心，所以他复制起来得心应手，游刃有余。
其二，精雕细琢。东阳木雕系中国四大木雕之首，因地而名，历史悠久。作为东阳木雕艺术精英的黄小明，在乾隆宝座复制过程中，将东阳的深雕、浮雕、圆雕、镂空雕等数十种雕刻技法与宫廷木雕之风格巧妙结合起来综合运用，雄厚饱满，精镂细刻，玲珑剔透，刀刀见功，堪称鬼斧神工。他把每一个构件当作木雕精品加以精雕细琢，真正做到一丝不苟，将东阳木雕技艺展现得淋漓尽致。
其三，精美绝伦。用“工艺精湛”、“富丽堂皇”、“巧夺天工”、“美不胜收”来评价乾隆宝座一点不为过。这是一件美轮美奂的东阳木雕艺术珍品，更是一件“青出于蓝而胜于蓝”的木雕文化瑰宝。无论是它的造型结构、雕刻工艺，还是髹漆贴金，特别是富丽高贵的宫廷风格，都给人以进入瑰丽精美、金碧辉煌的皇家艺术境地之感，耐人品鉴和赏析。
复制乾隆宝座的圆满成功，充分体现了黄小明先生对东阳木雕艺术的挚爱，展露了他精湛的木雕技艺水准和深厚的艺术修养，这是他人生，也是东阳木雕史上具有里程碑意义的一件木雕精品，更是东阳木雕艺术的骄傲与荣光。
黄小明是一个具有良好文化和艺术素养且十分勤奋的工艺美术大师，对事业充满激情，对艺术酷爱执着和技术精益求精，对作品追求完美。现在，他的《乾隆宝座》正式出版了。这是他在木雕艺术道路上不断探索中留下的又一辉煌足迹，也是对我国工艺美术事业的真诚奉献。
黄小明邀请我为《乾隆宝座》作序，盛情难却，仅写这几句，聊表敬意。
北京故宫博物院科技部原副主任 曹静楼
2011年5月
Preface
Year 2005 ,the east part of the Beijing Palace Museum named Huangji Palace was due to be changed the display which was going to be restored the original exhibition of the Qianlong period.However,owing to the historic reasons , the floorslab and the throne in this palace didn't exist any longer.so the museum staff made a decision to reproduce a set of floorslab and a throne. Although the ultra-large project could refer to valuable information and objects, whether it would be reduplited life-like both in appearance and spirits, richly, gravely,loyalty and also would be a full demonstration of the aritistic height of chinese loyal wood carving?
In May of the year, Huang xiaoming,an art and crafts master of Dongyang woodcarving who won the tender after it had been approved by bidding office under the State Council and then took the important task of reproducing the throne of the Emperor Qianlong .Therefore,I fortunately had very close contact with Dongyang woodcarving in my survey and research activities ,and could know more about Mr Huang's artistic technique.
Reproducing the throne of the Emperor Qianlong is not a task which just simply copy the original.It is not easy to conform to the original apprearance , techinque , material and sprite.But as a techinician of cultural relics preservation of the Palace Museum,I have seen Mr Huang's entire course of reproducing he throne of Qianlong that including designing ,drawing picture, and blanking ,carving and decorating and gilding. And the whole thing make me think a lot.
Firstly, elborate study.Huang xiaoming has known very well that if he want to finish this great task he must completely read the original and comprehended the the best part especially the cultural connotation of imperial court with heart and soul .He has been to Shenyang palace and Beijing palace many times and he was assidous in study of their material ,structurem, carving and painting. He finally grasped the essence after reading and studying it repeatedly. He admired the ancestor enormously for their wisdom and intelligence.He often wondered at their sheer perfection and tryed his best to master their pretty crafts and to be constantly careful.Because of being familiar with every single detail of the Qianlong throne ,he was in his element producing the throne.
Secondly,elegant carving. Dongyang woodcarving is the first of the Four woodcarving of China,it is named after the place and has a long history.As the artistic elite of Dongyang wood carving, while in the process of producing the Qianlong throne, Huang xiaoming used almost ten carving technique including deep carvig, chip carving, round carving,stencil carving and were combined with the style of royal woodcarving .so his carving was plump,elegant,exquisite and masterly which can be ranked as the uncanny craftsmanship. He regarded every component as an elaborate woodcarving and truly achieved thoroughly, unfolded a miracle of Dongyang woodcarving techinical skill.
Thirdly,peerless crafts.The Qianlong throne can not be evaluated too much even using the words " exquisite ","magnificent" ,'charming" "fantascitc".This is a wonderful artistic treasure of Dongyang woodcarving ,but also a cultural gem of woodcarving as a chinese proverb goes "Blue from indigo plant is deeper than its origin".Not only its structure ,carving techinique and gilding especially its magnificent royal style ,all of which make a feeling of going into a beautiful and splendid royal artistic world and it can be inspected and appreciated agian and agian.
The success of producing the Qianlong throne expresses Mr Huang's passionate love for the art of Dongyang woodcarving and shows his matchless woodcarving techinical level and his remarkable art accomplishment. This is his life , a wonderful piece of woodcarving work has milestone meaning in the history of Dongyang wood carving,as well vas the pride and the glory of Dongyang woodcarving art.
Huang xiaoming is an artistically accomplished and hardworking art&crafts master who is full of passion for his career and pursuit the perfection of his work.And now ,his book ,the throne of the Emperor Qianlong is published.It is not only another gorgeous footmark in his constant search for the art of wood carving,but also devotion to industrial arts in our country.
our
Huang xiaoming invited me to write the Preface to the throne of the Emperor Qianlong.It would be ungracious not to accept his invitation.I konck off a few lines as a mark of esteem.
ex-vice director of Department of Science and Technology of Beijing Palace Museum
Cao jinglou
May 2011
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